MBA英語：近十年聯(lián)考英語翻譯真題匯總（一）

2007年 

Powering the great ongoing changes of our time is the rise of human creativity as the defining feature of economic life. Creativity has come to be valued, because new technologies, new industries and new wealth flow from it. And as a result, our lives and society have begun to echo with creative ideas. It is our commitment to creativity in its varied dimensions that forms the underlying spirit of our age.

Creativity is essential to the way we live and work today, and in many senses always has been. The big advances in standard of living --not to mention the big competitive advantages in the marketplace--always have come from" better recipes, not just more cooking." One might argue that's not strictly true. One might point out, for instance, that during the long period from the early days on the Industrial Revolution to modern times, much of the growth in productivity and material wealth in the industrial nations came not just from creative inventions like the steam engine, but from the widespread application of "cooking in quantity" business methods like massive division of labor ,concentration of assets, vertical integration and economies of scale. But those methods themselves were creative developments.

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人類創(chuàng)造力的提升，作為經(jīng)濟生活所定義的特征，為我們這個時代正在發(fā)生的巨大變化，提供了巨大的動力。因為新的技術，新的工業(yè)，新的財富都伴隨著創(chuàng)造力產生，創(chuàng)造力逐漸受到重視。所以，我們的生活中和社會中，開始回響著創(chuàng)造性的思想。正是我們在各個方面對創(chuàng)造力的認同，形成了我們這個時代潛在的精神。

創(chuàng)造力對于我們今天的生活和工作是致關重要的，從許多意義上來說曾經(jīng)也是。在不設計大市場中大的競爭優(yōu)勢的情況下，生活水平的大幅度提高總是來自更好的食譜，而不是更多的烹飪。也許會有人提出這并不完全正確。有人也許會舉例指出，從早期的工業(yè)革命到現(xiàn)代化時代這么長的時期內，在工業(yè)領域中，許多生產效率的進步和物質財富的增長并不僅僅來源煜創(chuàng)造性的發(fā)明，如蒸氣機，還來源于講求量的商業(yè)方法的廣泛應用，比如大規(guī)模的勞動力劃分，資本集中，縱向聯(lián)合和經(jīng)濟規(guī)模。但是這些方法本身就是創(chuàng)造性的發(fā)展。

 2008年 

The term ”business model” first came into widespread use with the invention of personal computer and the spreadsheet(空白表格程序).Before the spreadsheet, business planning usually meant producing a single forecast. At best, you did a little sensitivity analysis around the projection. The spreadsheet ushered in a much more analytic approach to planning because every major line item could be pulled apart, its components and subcomponents analyzed and tested. You could ask what- if questions about the critical assumptions on which. your business depended-for example, what if customers are more price-sensitive than we thought?-and with a few keystrokes, you could see how any change would play out on every aspect of the whole. In other words, you could model the behavior of a business. Before the computer changed the nature of business planning, most successful business models were created more by accident than by elaborate design. By enabling companies to tie their marketplace insights much more tightly to the resulting economics, spread sheet made it possible to model business before they were launched.

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隨著個人計算機和空白表格程序的發(fā)明,”商業(yè)模型” 這個屬于首次得到了大規(guī)模的使用， 空白表格程序被發(fā)明前, 商業(yè)計劃通常以為著產生一個單一的預測, 充其量,你也只能在此單一預測的基礎上再做一些敏感性分析. 空白表格程序開啟了一種更具分析性的規(guī)劃方法, 其原因是空白表格程序中的每一行中的項目都可以被拆分, 其中的每一個部分及字部分都可以被分析和測試. 你可以對你的商業(yè)外所以來的關鍵設想提出”的問題, 例如, “如果顧客對價格的敏感度超過了我們的預期怎么辦”, 只需敲擊幾下鍵盤，你就可以看到某個變化對全局的各個方面回產生怎么樣的影響,換句話說,你可以對商業(yè)的行為建立模型. 在計算機改變了商業(yè)規(guī)劃的本質之前, 絕大部分成功的商業(yè)規(guī)劃與其說是策劃出來的, 不如說是運氣使然. 空白表格程序將公司的時常洞察力與相應的經(jīng)濟結果更為緊密的聯(lián)系起來,從而使公司在商業(yè)運營開始前建立商業(yè)模型變?yōu)榭赡?

 2009年 

With the nation’s financial system teetering on a cliff. The compensation arrangements for executives of the big banks and other financial firms are coming under close examination again.

Bankers’ excessive risk- taking is a significant cause of this financial crisis and has continued, to others in the past, in this case, it was fueled by low interest rates and kept going by a false sense of security created by a debt-fueled bubble in the economy.

Mortgage lenders gladly lent enormous sums to those who could not afford to pay them back dividing the laws and selling them off to the next financial institution along the chain, advantage of the same high-tech securitization to load on more risky mortgage-based assets.

Financial regulation will have to catch up with the most irresponsible practices that led banks down in this road, in hopes averting the next crisis, which is likely to involve different financial techniques and different sorts of assets. But it is worth examining the root problem of compensation schemes that are tied to short-term profits and revenue’s, and thus encourage bankers to take irresponsible risks.

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由于國家金融體制處于危機邊緣動蕩,一些大銀行和金融機構中的高級管理人員的補償金計劃就受到密切關注.

銀行家們過度冒險是金融危機的至關重要原因,在歷史上也有類似情況.在這種情況下,一般是由低息引起并造成持續(xù)的錯覺,其實是一種債務泡沫經(jīng)濟.

抵押貸款人很樂意把大量資金借給無力償還的人,就把貸款瓜分了,并沿這樣的鏈條出售給下一個金融機構,這些做法都在利用高科技證券業(yè),結果,卻增加了抵押資產的風險.

金融條例必須能應付這種能使銀行下滑的,最不負責任的做法,以期扭轉下一個危機,而這下一個危機很可能包括有各種類型的技術和資產.但值得審視補償金計劃的根本問題,因為那是眼前利益,但卻讓銀行家們不負責任的甘冒風險.

 2010年 

“Sustainability” has become a popular word these days , but to Ted Ning , the concept will always have personal meaning . Having endured a painful period of unsustainability in his own life made it clear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed through everyday action and choice.

Ning recalls spending a confusing year in the late 1990s selling insurance. He’d been through the dot-com boom and burst and , desperate for a job, signed on with a bounder agency.

It didn’t go will. “It was a really bad move because that’s not my passion,” says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, predictably, into a lack of sales.” I was miserable. I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job. Everyone said, “Just wait, you’ll turn the corner, give it some time.”

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本質如今已成一個熱門話題，但對TedNing而言，這個概念一直有個人含義，經(jīng)歷了一段痛苦非本質個人生活，使他清楚面向本質的價值 觀，必須慣徹每天的行動和選擇中。

Ning回憶起了1990年代，買保險的迷茫時光，他通過蓬勃興起的網(wǎng)絡瘋狂找工作與Boulder代理機構簽了約。

事情進展不順利，TedNing說到：那真是個糟糕的選擇，因為我對此沒有激情，可以預料到他在工作中的矛盾能解釋為沒有業(yè)務NING說：我很痛苦渴望午夜起 來盯著天花板，我沒錢需要工作，每個人都說等吧，只要有耐心會好轉的.

2011年

Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same volume of greenhouse gases as the world's airlines do-roughly 2 percent of all CO2 emissions?

Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2, depending on how many attempts are needed to get the "right" answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres round the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy.

However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction, but there is much more to be done, and not just by big companies.

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有誰會想到，在全球范圍內，IT行業(yè)產生的溫室氣體跟全球航空公司產生的一樣多?占二氧化碳總排量的2%。

很多日常工作對環(huán)境造成了讓人震驚的破壞作用。根據(jù)你查詢正確答案的嘗試次數(shù)，谷歌搜索引擎會插手0.2-7克的二氧化碳的排放量。要快速將結果傳遞給用戶，谷歌必須用強大和大量的計算機系統(tǒng)來維護全球巨大的數(shù)據(jù)庫中心。這些計算機在散發(fā)大量熱量的同時也產生大量的二氧化碳氣體。所以中心處理器必須要有很好的散熱裝備，然而卻耗能更多。

2012年

When people in developing countries worry about migration，they are usually concerned at the prospect of ther best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world ，These are the kind of workers that countries like Britian ，Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates .

Lots of studies have found that well-educated people from developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate .A big survey of Indian households in 2004 found that nearly 40%of emigrants had more than a high-school education，compared with around 3.3%of all Indians over the age of 25.This “brain drain ”has long bothered policymakers in poor countries ，They fear that it hurts their economies ，depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities ，worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories to make .

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發(fā)展中國家的人們?yōu)橐泼駪n慮時，他們通常擔憂的是離開自己國家去去硅谷或發(fā)達國家的醫(yī)院和大學的最優(yōu)秀、最聰明的群體的前景。這些勞動者正是像英國、加拿大、澳大利亞這樣的國家通過賦予受過大學教育者以特權的移民法想要吸引的人群。

很多研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，來自發(fā)展中國家的那些受到良好教育的人們極有可能選擇移居他國。2004年對印度家庭開展了一項廣泛的調查，結果顯示約40%的移民受過高中以上的教育。相比而言，在所有年齡超過25歲的印度人中，受過高中以上教育的人數(shù)比例只有約3.3%。“人才流失”一直困擾著貧窮國家的政策制定者們。他們擔心這會對本國的經(jīng)濟造成損害，造成國家急需的技工的流失。這些技術人員可能曾在他們的大學教學，也可能曾在他們的醫(yī)院工作，或者曾經(jīng)構想出智能化的新產品讓他們的工廠去生產。

—未完待續(xù)—